Overall Index
Based on Visibility, Acid Precipitation, and Ozone Rankings 1999-2003
| |
V |
AP |
O |
PI |
ZV |
ZA |
ZO |
AZ |
R |
| Acadia |
54.1 |
388.1 |
90.4 |
72.2 |
0.30 |
0.73 |
0.75 |
0.59 |
4 |
| Big Bend |
68.4 |
93.1 |
63.6 |
26.8 |
-0.19 |
-0.69 |
-0.99 |
-0.62 |
8 |
| Glacier |
68.1 |
80.5 |
49.4 |
17.1 |
-0.18 |
-0.75 |
-1.91 |
-0.95 |
13 |
| Grand Canyon |
96.4 |
88.6 |
73.0 |
23.0 |
-1.13 |
-0.71 |
-0.38 |
-0.74 |
10 |
| Great Basin |
101.5 |
134.7 |
71.8 |
22.7 |
-1.31 |
-0.49 |
-0.46 |
-0.75 |
11 |
| Great Smoky Mountains |
20.3 |
585.8 |
98.0 |
92.7 |
1.44 |
1.68 |
1.24 |
1.45 |
1 |
| Mammoth Cave |
17.1 |
593.6 |
87.8 |
90.0 |
1.55 |
1.72 |
0.58 |
1.28 |
2 |
| Mesa Verde |
88.3 |
102.4 |
68.2 |
23.3 |
-0.86 |
-0.64 |
-0.69 |
-0.73 |
9 |
| Rocky Mountain |
78.3 |
211.5 |
76.8 |
39.7 |
-0.52 |
-0.12 |
-0.14 |
-0.26 |
7 |
| Sequoia/ Kings Canyon |
39.2 |
96.9 |
103.4 |
71.6 |
0.80 |
-0.67 |
1.59 |
0.57 |
5 |
| Shenandoah |
24.8 |
524.4 |
89.6 |
86.9 |
1.28 |
1.39 |
0.69 |
1.12 |
3 |
| Yellowstone |
93.6 |
56.7 |
65.8 |
17.9 |
-1.04 |
-0.86 |
-0.85 |
-0.92 |
12 |
| Yosemite |
67.1 |
115.5 |
87.8 |
48.1 |
-0.14 |
-0.58 |
0.58 |
-0.05 |
6 |
V=Visibility in Miles (June-August)
AP=Acid Precipitation eqv/ha NO3+SO4
O=Ozone (4th highest 8-hour average ppb)
PI=Overall Pollution Index
ZV=Z-score for Visibility
ZA=Z-score for Acid Precipitation
ZO=Z-score for Ozone
AZ=Average Z-score
R=Ranking
Trends for Visibility, Acid Precipitation, and Ozone 1991-2003
| |
Tau |
P-value |
Tau |
P-value |
Tau |
P-value |
| Acadia |
0.31 |
0.162 |
0.81 |
0.014 |
-0.38 |
0.059 |
| Big Bend |
0.01 |
1.000 |
-0.16 |
0.435 |
-0.33 |
0.099 |
| Glacier |
-0.10 |
0.582 |
-0.01 |
0.904 |
-0.41 |
0.046 |
| Grand Canyon |
0.10 |
0.667 |
0.77 |
0.000 |
0.00 |
0.952 |
| Great Basin |
-0.15 |
0.453 |
0.36 |
0.187 |
0.03 |
0.952 |
| Great Smoky Mountains |
0.24 |
0.267 |
0.54 |
0.012 |
-0.28 |
0.162 |
| Mammoth Cave |
0.47 |
0.039 |
0.40 |
0.066 |
-0.28 |
0.162 |
| Mesa Verde |
-0.36 |
0.077 |
0.58 |
0.034 |
-0.68 |
0.001 |
| Rocky Mountain |
-0.14 |
0.465 |
0.72 |
0.001 |
-0.41 |
0.046 |
| Sequoia/Kings Canyon |
0.07 |
0.857 |
-0.19 |
0.322 |
-0.33 |
0.114 |
| Shenandoah |
0.65 |
0.002 |
0.60 |
0.005 |
-0.21 |
0.298 |
| Yellowstone |
0.10 |
0.667 |
0.73 |
0.000 |
-0.46 |
0.024 |
| Yosemite |
-0.03 |
0.857 |
-0.29 |
0.180 |
0.03 |
0.952 |
Tau indicates the direction of the trend; if Tau is negative, the trend is going down; if positive, trend is going up. An upward trend for visibility indicates an improvement; an upward trend for acid and ozone indicates that the amounts of these materials are increasing; and therefore, indicates a condition that is worsening. Also, a p-value of 0.05 shows a statistically significant worsening. (See methodology for further explanation.) |
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